Locomotive boiler



Aug. 22, 1933. w. H. HINSCH ET AL LocomoTIvi: BOILER Filed April 16,1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 o n o O 0 o I o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0.

orney.

Au 22, 1933. w. H. HINSCH ET AL LOCOMOTIVE BOILER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledApril 16, 1931 howl Imfen rs 11% MM a212,

Patented Aug. 22, 1933 r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE .LOCOMOTIVE BOILERWalter H. Hinsch and John Baker, Chicago, Ill., assignors to LocomotiveFirebox Company, Chicago, 11]., a Corporation of Delaware ApplicationApril 16, 1931. Serial No. 530,520

4 Claims. (01. 122-466) This invention relates to improvements in 1000-Among the'many objects of our invention. is motive boilers and itconsists of the matters hereto provide a boiler wherein power is not sodeinafter described and more particularly pointed pendent upon enormoussizes but is more deout in the appended claims. pendent upon positioningthe parts thereof ..The conventional locomotive boiler includes awherein t ey a e e effecfiiveto produce the 60. barrel having a fireboxat one end and a smoke desired results and at the same time keep the boxat the other, with the fire tubes or flues eX- cost within reason.tending between said boxes and passing through Another object of Ourinvention 15 to Provide the single compartment for both the water and aboiler of this kind arrangedvin sections or comsteam. While greaterpower has been obtained partments whereby it is not necessary to heat 65by increasing boiler dimensions, certain factors t e entire Watercontent of the boiler through are present which limit the size of thesame. cu at but y a small part amount However, power dema d have increaed a d thereof so that steam eneration will be more these must be metwithout further enlarging sizes ef ic ent and as this Water isdiminished due to which have reached a practical limit because with suchsteam generation, 1 is replenished so s longer barrels, longer tubes arenecessary and keep this amount constant from another boiler these allincrease the cost withoutaproportionate Compartment Containing feedWater that is power value. heated to proper feeding temperature bygasesMany of such boilers are equipped with superand Combustion products avtemperatures heaters in the form of return bend tubes dis-. reduced y811011 Steam generation.

posed in the forward or smoke box d fthe top Still a further object ofthe invention. is to tiers of tubes which must be enlarged in diamp v aboiler this kind which includes a eter to receive the superho t r t bsuperheater compartment located in a part of While such superheatertubes are effective to the boiler w y r at r sup h at r fia certainextent so far as increased efficiency is 37 is attained W t outSacrificing steam gen? so concerned, they require frequent attentionthat crating efficiency and at the same e p must withdraw the locomotivefrom service. The mits of ta i off such superheated steam at flues inwhich such superheater tubes are dis-- p t closer to its point of actualuse in the r posed, are prone to plug up and the superheate cylindersand which point in this instance is at tubes themselves quicklydeteriorate under the the bottom of the boilerabrasive action of theproducts of combustion. still another Object of our invention is toAgain, such superheatertubes being disposed in Vide a boiler of thiskind made in a p ty the smoke box end of the flues, remote from the ofsections comprising Steam generating, Steam firebox ends, only the rearend part of the supersuperheafiing and feed Water heating Compartaheater tubes are in that zone wherein gas or merits, in the Order namedand by SheetS'9O combustion products temperature is higher than andtubes of lesser length than now usedmay superheat temperature with theresult that the be employed with greater factor in strength front endsof such tubes give up their heat to and ysaid gases or products ofcombustion with a re- The above mentioned Objects of the invention 40duction of temperature in that end desired to as Wen as others togetherwith themany'ad have the highest temperature. In other words. vantagesthereof will more fully appear as We with the present type ofsuperheaters, less than" proceed with our Specification half of thesuperheating surfaceis effective for drawingszf its intended pu pgseFig. 1 IS a longitudinal central section through In the relatively longboiler where n both all but the smoke box or m end of q' v r in o r inenti n. boiler water and generated steam are contained g gs 11.32 3 :33lg g ti al secin the same compartment, to provide an eificient fionalviews through the il as taken on the generation of steam, the entirewater content lines 2-2,,3-3 and 44 respectively of Fig. 1. 5i) must bekept 1n cn'culatlon both fore and aft Fig. 5 is alongitudinal verticalsectional View i equalize h temperatuife the entire of on an enlargedscale of the mid portion of the wa th rw a tl a l n n am en r improvedboiler and illustrates more specifically result and qulet areas develOPB i b01161 the superheater compartment and the adjacent.

m fi favorable muddy po its with he ends of the steam generatingand feedwater 5o ob ectionable efiects well known. heating. compartments. i

In general, our improved. locomotive boiler is of theconventional shapeand includes the usual, horizontally disposed cylindrical boiler shellformed therein with associated'flu'esheets to divide the shell as awhole into a steam generating compartment, a superheater compartment,

.and'a feed water heating compartment in the order named. I

In the steam generating compartment is the usual firebox and at thefront end ofthe boiler is the usual smoke box. Fire tubes are providedin the various compartments for the passage of the products ofcombustion; As the steam is generated it passes to the superheatercompartment where it must follow atortuous or zig zag path beforepassing to the cylinders for use under the control of the throttlevalve. Thus the water is acted upon by those parts of highesttemperature to generate the same into steam, and the steam issuperheated by the products of combustionat that point wherein saidproducts have not as yet lowered tothat tempera-- ture lower than thesteam. Thereafter these products which are now incapable of generatingsteam and superheating the same are employed for feed water heatingwhereby every heat unit performs its function so that not only is thehighest'boiler efficiency attained but a corresponding savingin fuel islikewise attained.

Referring now indetail .to that embodiment of the invention illustratedin the drawings and especially to Fig. 1 thereof. 1 indicates as a'wholethetubular 'shell of the boiler made up of a plurality of sections 2, 3and 4 respectively to provide a steam generating compartment 5 at therear end of the shell, a second and superheater compartment 6 forwardthereof and a feedwater heating compartment 7 forward of saidsuperheating compartment, a smoke box 8 being joined -'to the front endof the shell in the usual manner.

Centrally of the top of the smoke box is a stack 9-and at the bottom ofthe smokebox and connected thereto as by the usual saddle are thecylinders 10 and steam chests '11 respectively.

The compartments 5 and 6 are separated-by longi' tudinally spaced'fluesheets 12 and 13 respectively defining a chamber 14 while thecompartments 6 and 7 are separated by longitudinally spaced fiuesheets15 and 16 respectively, defining a chamber 17 and thefeed water heatingcompartment is separated from the smoke box by a vfiue'sheet 8*. To thetop of the boiler shell above the compartment l4is secured a dome 18 thedome whereby steam may pass from the generating compartment into thesuperheating compartment as is best shown by the arrows in Fig.

5. Suitably arranged in the shell in the plane of the chamber 14 is amanhole and cover 20.

The'topiof theshell above the chamber 17 is provided with a manhole 21and .associated shallow dome 22 adapted to receivea cover that is notshown. By means of said manholes and covers, a workman may enter thechambers when so necessary.

l-associated sheets of the shell to provide the usual side water legs(not shown) and the front and rear water legsv 27 and 28 respectivelyall communicating-with said compartment 5 in the usual manner andbottomed byxthe mud ring '29. In the firebox is located one or more wa'and a ter steaming and circulating elements 30, having an elongated fiathollow top discharge end that opens through the crown sheet 26 tubularinlet neck 31 that opens through that bottom part of the hue sheet 24that forms one of the walls of the front water leg or throat 2'7.Connecting the flue-sheets 12 and 24 is a nest of relatively short firetubes or flues 32, the height of which nest is determined by the heightof the flue sheet 24.

Connecting the fiue sheets 16 and 8 respectively and disposed in thecompartment 7 is a nest of relatively short fire tubes or flues 33 andwhich. nestis of a height greater than that of the nest of tubes 32 inthe compartment 5. In the compartment 6 is provided a nest of fire tubesor Flues 34 connected 'at their ends in the flue sheets 13 and 15respectively. Preferably these tubes are of a diameter less than that ofthe tubes 33 and are disposed in alignment therewith so that should itever be necessary to remove and replace any of said tubes 34, the samemay be done through the'tubes 33 from the smoke box end of the boiler.

In the compartment 6 is located a plurality of vertically spaced bafileplates 35, alternate ones of which are fixed at one end to the fluesheet 13 and are spaced attheir other end from the,

flue sheet15 while the intermediate ones are fixed at one end to theflue sheet 15 and are spaced at their other ends from the flue sheet 13.

As shown these baflies provide a tortuous back and forth passage throughthe compartment 5 with the saturated steamentering the compart-I mentfrom the rear end at the top and with the superheated steam leaving saidcompartment from the front end at the bottom. To the bottom front end ofthis compartment is connected the rear end of a steam pipe 36 whichextends forwardly and is there provided with branches 38 which'in turnare connected to'the steam chests 1111. Entrance of steam into thebranches is controlled by a throttle valve '39 which as is apparentisjdisposed outside the boiler instead of inside of the same as isheretofore customary.

At the forward end of the feed water heating compartment at the top ofthe shell is formed a top injector flange '40 whereby water may be fedinto thefeed waterheating compartment land connecting said compartmentwith the steam generating compartment at one side of the boiler is aconduit 41 in which is interposed a feed pump 42 whereby heated feedwater maybe transferred and the shell isprovided with openings 19 underas required'from the compartment 7 into the compartment 5 against therelatively high pressure therein.

In the operation of the boiler thus far described, and with a level ofwater in the compartment'5 of suflicient height-to cover thecrown sheet,it is apparent that the body of water therein is relatively small incomparison to that wherein the entire shell comprises both the watercontaining and steam generating chamber. It is further apparent thatthis small body is more rapidly and efficiently heated for thegeneration of steam not only by the firebox sheets but also by.

the flues 32. Thus water heatingand steaming generating action ismaterially increased by the syphonic action of the elements 30 whichincreases the circulation of water in said compartment by withdrawingitfrom the bottom of the compartment and discharging it into the top ofsaid compartment above the crown sheet. Thus by operating upon arelatively small body of water at a time, the steam generating capacityis greatly increased and fuel consumption is reduced in proportion. V

. As the products of combustion leave the firebox, they enter and passthrough the flues 3 2- into the chamber 14 and from there enter thetubes 34 to pass into the chamber 17-. i From this last mentionedchamber they enter the tubes 33 and pass into the smoke box to bedischarged up the stack 9 in the usual manner.

The steam generated in the compartment 5 passes through the openings 19beneath the dome 18, into the compartment 6 where it is caused to followa tortuous or zig zag path fore and aft, through the nest of tubes 34therein and as the products of combustion passing through said tubes areat a relatively high temperature, such steam is superheated before itenters the pipe 36 on its way to the cylinders 10. Of course, afterthese products have given up a part of their heat units in thesuperheating of the steam in the compartment 6, they pass into the tubes33 to be discharged into the smoke box. However, in their passagethrough these tubes, they give up more heat units in the heating of thefeed water but by the time they have reached these tubes, they arereduced to that temperature wherein they are incapable of steamgeneration.

As the Water diminishes in the compartment 5 due to its generation intosteam, the feed pump 42 is started into operation to pump heated feedwater into said compartment 5 but as this Water is at relatively hightemperature its introduction into the compartment 5 in no way chills thesame to that extent that makes the generation of steam erratic. Thus afull head of steam without power loss can be maintained.

Thus in the improved boiler the various compartments are so relativelylocated with respect to gas (or products of combustion) temperatures -asto create a maximum thermal head with a corresponding increase in theextraction of the heat units oifered to the boiler. Thus feed watercomes into contact with heating surfaces receiving the lowest flue gastemperatures in a fors ward compartment whereas steam generation andsuperheating takes place at the rear end of the boiler where the highestfiue gas temperatures exist. This arrangement is advantageous as itmaintains thegreatest thermal head of heat transfer from gases throughthe various sheets and fines to the water and steam.

By arranging the superheater chamber inia close proximity to thefirebox, it is possible to so design or form the heating surfaces as toextract additional heat from the gases by maintaining greater variationbetween the heat giving and heat receiving elements throughout theentire boiler to the foremost flue sheet and therefore in no instance,does a condition arise when n the water or steam isgiving oil heat tothe flue gases. Thereby the boiler is possible of a greater thermal heatwhich increases boiler efliciencies and a higher degree of superheat.

By the arrangement described, many other ad- .vantages are obtained andamong these is the omission of the usual superheater units withadditional weight, first costs and the usual maingather in the planes ofthe chambers Hand 17 where no appreciable high interior pressures exist.

No inside throttles are required and it is not necessary to open up thefront end with the usual disturbance of draft appliances as isrequiredin descending a grade whereby danger of uncovering or exposing the crownsheet above the water level is minimized.

By the use of short flues many structural advantages are attained bothin strength and heat transmission qualities and in long-boilers,combustion chambers need not be resorted to. With a reduced volume ofwater to be operated upon, steam may be raised much faster than in asingle compartment boiler. It is also pointed out that by reason of thechamber mentioned between the nests of flues, the larger particles ofthe products of combustion are broken up into substantially fineparticles and are cooled to an extent which prohibits the starting ofwayside fire due to the ejection of live sparks up the stack.

While in describing the invention, We have referred in detail to theform,iarrangement and construction of the various correlated parts, thesame is to be considered merely as illustrative of one embodiment of theinvention so that We do not Wish to be limited thereto except as may bespecifically set forth in the appended claims.

We claim as our invention:- I

l. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a boiler shell formed toprovide longitudinally spaced steam generating, steam superheating andfeed water heating compartments respectively with chambers therebetween,a smoke box associated with one end of the feed water heatingcompartment, a firebox arranged in said steam generating compartment andincluding a flue sheet and means providing for the passage of theproducts of combustion from the firebox to the smoke box and includingsets of flues in said steam generating, superheating and feed waterheating compartments respectively, the flues in the superheatingcompartment being of a diameter less than those in the feed waterheating compartment and arranged in line therewith.

2. A locomotive boiler embodying therein, a boiler shell, a flue sheetat the front end thereof, a firebox at the rear end thereof andincluding a flue sheet; means providing pairs of longitudinally spacedflue sheets between said flue sheet at the forward end of the shell andsaid firebox flue sheet which flue sheets define a steam generatingcompartment, a superheating compartment and a feed water heatingcompartment bers therebetween and sets of flues disposed in the variouscompartments'andsecured at their ends in said flue sheets the flues inheating compartment being in line with and smaller in diameter than theflues in one of the other compartments.

3. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a boiler shell formed toprovide a plurality of Ion-, gitudinally spaced, end and intermediatecompartments, with chambers therebetween, a smoke box associated withone end of one of the end compartments, a firebox arranged in the otherend compartmentfand including a flue sheet, and means providing for thepassage of the products of combustion from the firebox to the withchamsaid supersmoke box andincluding sets 01 lines in said end andintermediate compartments, the flues in the intermediate compartmentbeingof a diameter less than those in one of said end compartments andarranged in line therewith.

4. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a boiler shell formed toprovide a plurality of longitudinally spaced front, intermediate andrear end compartments with chambers therebetween,

